Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the place in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the scope of his car business, and he took control from it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in the past to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation would not come naturally the expansion of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such because air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the particular creditors were paid entirely, there was still some. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared within Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the company's demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television studies. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers in 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of North American slump successful for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied rules at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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