Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the place in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control from it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and also led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from businesses he had acquired in recent times to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such since air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its measurement, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after this creditors were paid completely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared with Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover of only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television reports. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers within 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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