Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the actual scope of his car business, and he took control of computer.
The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses as well as led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from companies he had acquired over the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production to the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such because air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its size, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the creditors were paid in full, there was still four. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the firm's demise. The widest range of cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television reports. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of North American slump in demand for imported cars through 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further 1 million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment this senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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