Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the company's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control of it.
Borgward Isabella Coupé von 1958, 1500 ccm, 75 PS, 150 km/h
The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses as well as led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired through the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for that life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its measurement, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after this creditors were paid 100 %, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Prototypen des Borgward BX7 auf dem Bremer Marktplatz Bremen
Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared within Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the business's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers inside 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump popular for imported cars through 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Sold: Borgward Isabella Coupe Auctions Lot 12 Shannons
At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further just one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
BorgwardComeback: Walker wird Vorstandsboss autozeitung.de
In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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