Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand your scope of his automotive business, and he took control from it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in the past to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the growth of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production to the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such while air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the actual creditors were paid 100 %, there was still four. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared within Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television stories. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers in 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of North American slump successful for imported cars during 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further 1 million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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