Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his auto business, and he took control from it.
The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses in addition to led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such as air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimension, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic price reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after this creditors were paid entirely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared with Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range associated with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television reports. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers in 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of North American slump popular for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further one million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment this senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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