Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his auto business, and he took control of computer.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from companies he had acquired over the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the growth of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production with the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its dimension, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the creditors were paid fully, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the company's demise. The widest range involving cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump widely used for imported cars during 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one particular million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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