Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the company's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control from it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses as well as led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in recent times to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which finally proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such seeing that air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies including Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still four. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared in Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit with a North American slump in demand for imported cars while in 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further a single million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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