Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the company's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his car business, and he took control from it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses as well as led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from companies he had acquired in recent times to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for that life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such because air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its size, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the creditors were paid in full, there was still several. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit with a North American slump sought after for imported cars while in 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further a single million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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