Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the scope of his car business, and he took control than it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses along with led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from companies he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for your life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such as air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies including Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its sizing, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the particular creditors were paid entirely, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
The Borgward Isabella was the successor to the Borgward Hansa, and it
Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the firm's demise. The widest range involving cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers with 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars during 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further 1 million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied law at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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