Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the business's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the place in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of it.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses along with led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from companies he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the growth of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such seeing that air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its size, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared with Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range involving cars from any company in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by way of North American slump in demand for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further a single million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment your senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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