Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the company's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the actual scope of his car business, and he took control of it.
The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from companies he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production with the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such seeing that air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its measurement, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the actual creditors were paid 100 %, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared within Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the firm's demise. The widest range involving cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers within 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump in demand for imported cars while in 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further 1 million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied rules at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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