Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his automobile business, and he took control of the usb ports.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and also led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from corporations he had acquired over the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation would not come naturally the growth of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production with the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such because air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimension, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the particular creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range regarding cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television stories. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers with 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump popular for imported cars while in 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further a single million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment this senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
After the war Borgward trucks were imported here and in 1954 the first
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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