Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his automobile business, and he took control of the usb ports.
The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production with the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such because air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its measurement, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the creditors were paid completely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television studies. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by a North American slump sought after for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further one particular million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied law at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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