Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the company's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the place in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his car business, and he took control of computer.
The first "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from companies he had acquired in recent times to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation did not come naturally the proliferation of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such since air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale and kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its measurement, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared within Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television stories. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by a North American slump in demand for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further 1 million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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