Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of computer.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from corporations he had acquired over time to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the expansion of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for your life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such since air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the creditors were paid completely, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the company's demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump widely used for imported cars while in 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further a single million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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