Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his automobile business, and he took control of the usb ports.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and also led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from firms he had acquired in the past to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such because air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its sizing, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic price reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the particular creditors were paid in full, there was still several. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared within Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the business's demise. The widest range involving cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers with 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump successful for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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