Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the company's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his automotive business, and he took control of it.
The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from organizations he had acquired over time to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the expansion of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such seeing that air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies including Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its sizing, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after your creditors were paid fully, there was still several. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared in Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the firm's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit with a North American slump in demand for imported cars during 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Auto Union 1000 SP Turq.jpg 47318 bytes
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one particular million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied law at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
may be governed by copyright. – Send suggestions We Comply All TakeDown by Request.
