Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the actual scope of his auto business, and he took control than it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses as well as led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in recent times to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the expansion of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for your life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such since air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies like Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale and also kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its size, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the creditors were paid completely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared within Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range of cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television studies. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers within 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump widely used for imported cars during 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further 1 million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied rules at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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