Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand your scope of his vehicle business, and he took control than it.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses as well as led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in the past to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for your life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still four. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared within Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television studies. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers with 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by way of North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
1958 Borgward RS 01 Die Rekordfahrten des Borgward Hansa
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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