Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the actual scope of his automotive business, and he took control from it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and also led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from businesses he had acquired in recent times to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its sizing, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the particular creditors were paid 100 %, there was still several. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared within Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover of only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers within 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of North American slump sought after for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further 1 million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied law at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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