Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the business's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the scope of his car business, and he took control of computer.
1955 Borgward Isabella coupe Revell 1/18 Details
The first "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and also led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from businesses he had acquired in recent times to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for your life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such because air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies including Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its size, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid entirely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared inside Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television studies. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers inside 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by a North American slump successful for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Return of a Legend Borgward the First Modern Postwar German Car
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one particular million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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