Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his auto business, and he took control of it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses in addition to led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in the past to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such since air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies including Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the creditors were paid in full, there was still several. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared inside Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any company in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television stories. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by the North American slump sought after for imported cars while in 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further a single million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU party, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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