Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the business's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the business in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the particular scope of his automobile business, and he took control from it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and also led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from businesses he had acquired in the past to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for your life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such seeing that air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale along with kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its dimension, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the creditors were paid entirely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared in Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television reports. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers with 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump sought after for imported cars through 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further 1 million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment your senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied law at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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