Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the scope of his automotive business, and he took control of computer.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses in addition to led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in the past to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the growth of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production with the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such seeing that air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies including Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its dimensions, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after this creditors were paid 100 %, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the business's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any company in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television studies. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of North American slump widely used for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one particular million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment this senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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