Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the business's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the particular scope of his auto business, and he took control of the usb ports.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from organizations he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the proliferation of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such because air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its sizing, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the particular creditors were paid in full, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared within Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the business's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover of only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers in 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump widely used for imported cars through 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further just one million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment your senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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