Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the place in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the scope of his car business, and he took control of computer.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from businesses he had acquired through the years to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the expansion of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production with the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such seeing that air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the creditors were paid 100 %, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the company's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover of only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers within 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump widely used for imported cars through 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
After the war Borgward trucks were imported here and in 1954 the first
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further 1 million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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