Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his auto business, and he took control from it.
Borgward Isabella Coupé von Borgward Oldtimer und Youngtimer der
The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and also led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from corporations he had acquired through the years to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the growth of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such while air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its dimension, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after this creditors were paid in full, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared within Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the company's demise. The widest range involving cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover of only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television studies. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers with 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump sought after for imported cars during 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment this senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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