Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control of it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses as well as led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from corporations he had acquired over the years to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the growth of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for that life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such seeing that air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its measurement, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after this creditors were paid 100 %, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the firm's demise. The widest range associated with cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television studies. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by way of North American slump successful for imported cars during 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further a single million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
Borgward picture: borgward suv jpg
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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