Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the business's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the actual scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.
The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from companies he had acquired over the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the proliferation of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for that life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such as air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its sizing, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared in Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range of cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers within 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further one particular million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath businesses were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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