Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand this scope of his vehicle business, and he took control of it.
The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from firms he had acquired over the years to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production to the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such while air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after your creditors were paid fully, there was still four. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared in Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover of only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers within 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump popular for imported cars while in 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied law at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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