Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the spreading of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production to the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such while air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its sizing, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as joint development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the creditors were paid fully, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers within 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by way of North American slump in demand for imported cars while in 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied law at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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