Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his automotive business, and he took control of the usb ports.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses along with led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in recent times to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the growth of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production with the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its size, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the particular creditors were paid completely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared in Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the firm's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") afforded rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television studies. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers with 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump widely used for imported cars during 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further 1 million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment your senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied law at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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