Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his car business, and he took control of computer.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses along with led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from companies he had acquired in recent times to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for that life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such as air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies including Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its size, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after your creditors were paid in full, there was still some. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared within Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the business's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reports. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers inside 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump popular for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further 1 million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment this senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied law at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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