Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the business in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the particular scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses along with led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from companies he had acquired in recent times to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the spreading of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for your life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such since air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its dimension, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the particular creditors were paid in full, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared within Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television stories. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers in 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump in demand for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further just one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied law at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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