Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the company's first new car with over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the scope of his auto business, and he took control from it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses and also led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the expansion of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for your life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such as air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale and also kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its sizing, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after your creditors were paid entirely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared with Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the business's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers within 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump in demand for imported cars during 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further 1 million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
Picture Gallery of Cars in South Africa 1941 1950
With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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