Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand this scope of his car business, and he took control of it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses as well as led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from corporations he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for your life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its measurement, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic price reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after this creditors were paid entirely, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any company in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover of only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump widely used for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further one particular million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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