Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control from it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the however three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from firms he had acquired through the years to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the growth of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for your life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such as air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its size, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the particular creditors were paid in full, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the company's demise. The widest range involving cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television reports. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers in 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by the North American slump popular for imported cars during 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment your senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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