Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control than it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over the years to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such while air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its sizing, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after this creditors were paid entirely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared with Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the business's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of North American slump popular for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further 1 million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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