Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the actual 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his auto business, and he took control from it.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in the past to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for that life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such while air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its size, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid fully, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many from the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth ideas, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump widely used for imported cars during 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further 1 million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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