Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand this scope of his automobile business, and he took control than it.
The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses in addition to led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from businesses he had acquired in recent times to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such because air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its measurement, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after your creditors were paid in full, there was still some. 5 million Marks left from the business.
Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the firm's demise. The widest range associated with cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value on the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties by the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one particular million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment this senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied law at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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