Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his automobile business, and he took control from it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses and led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired in the past to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation did not come naturally the expansion of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production for that life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such since air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its measurement, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
1959 Borgward P100 By André Paul Siefert amp; Jens Müller
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared in Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the firm's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover of only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers inside 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by the North American slump successful for imported cars through 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
penccil : : : Borgward: The Steve Jobs of German cars
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment your senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied rules at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
penccil : : : Borgward: The Steve Jobs of German cars
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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