Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the business in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand your scope of his car business, and he took control from it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the however three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from corporations he had acquired through the years to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which finally proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for that life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such while air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies including Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale along with kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its size, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the creditors were paid entirely, there was still some. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared with Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the business's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover of only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television studies. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers in 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump in demand for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward bankruptcy.
Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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