Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the particular scope of his auto business, and he took control of the usb ports.
The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the even now three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses along with led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from businesses he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the expansion of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production with the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such as air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its measurement, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the particular creditors were paid in full, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared in Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers within 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump popular for imported cars through 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further 1 million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment this senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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