Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his car business, and he took control than it.
The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses as well as led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over the years to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the expansion of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for that life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a line of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such seeing that air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the particular creditors were paid in full, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the firm's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any company in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump sought after for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further 1 million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment this senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
1959 Borgward Isabella Pictures
Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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