Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the business's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel of the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his auto business, and he took control of it.
1959 Borgward P 100 09 The Borgward P100 is a large four
The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had nowadays evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his care about the other businesses along with led the development on the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from companies he had acquired in the past to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production to the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its measurement, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after your creditors were paid 100 %, there was still four. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Borgward Werken, Baujahr 1935, drei Jahre Restaurierungsarbeit auf
Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television studies. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers within 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit by way of North American slump in demand for imported cars through 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
The Borgward BX7 premieres on the first press day of the Frankfurt
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further just one million Marks of credit rating, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment this senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
BorgwardSpezialwerkstatt2.jpg
With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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