Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the scope of his auto business, and he took control of it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses as well as led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from corporations he had acquired over time to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the growth of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production to the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such since air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its dimension, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic price reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after your creditors were paid completely, there was still several. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared in Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the company's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television stories. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasonal than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers within 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by the North American slump successful for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further a single million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to your senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied law at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in the top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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