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Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the company's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand the scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.

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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the even now three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over the years to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening of the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production to the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such while air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale along with kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even more than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the creditors were paid entirely, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left from the business.

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Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared with Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range associated with cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers in 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by a North American slump popular for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.

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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further just one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment this senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by now based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.

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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.

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