Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the particular 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the company's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the business in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the building blocks in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand your scope of his auto business, and he took control from it.
The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired over the years to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business at a time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the growth of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such seeing that air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after this creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the businesses demise. The widest range associated with cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover associated with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which many times did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by a North American slump popular for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further a single million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate also insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s profession. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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