Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group made four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand your scope of his automotive business, and he took control than it.
The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from organizations he had acquired in recent times to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward through 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for the life of the firm. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such seeing that air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies including Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale and also kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its size, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pressured into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after your creditors were paid fully, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared with Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the company's demise. The widest range involving cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three till recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or submit delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for example auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently if they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers within 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of North American slump popular for imported cars during 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied law at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of this supervisory board joined the directors in the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests of creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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